"Undertow" (in Spanish, "Resaca") by Winslow Homer is a technically complex work, the result of detailed preliminary studies. Homer closely observed the behavior of the waves and the bodily movements of the lifeguards, making preparatory sketches that focused on the human anatomy in tension.
The composition, in which two men rescue two women from the undertow, is organized through a skillful use of diagonals that emphasize the struggle against the sea. The palette of cool and muted colors reflects the threatening power of the ocean, and the sunlight bouncing off the waves and blinding the lifeguards adds suspense and elevates the heroic act, adding definition to the figures.
This canvas belongs to realism and stands out for its anatomical rigor, as well as for its naturalistic treatment of water and human action in moments of danger.