Divisionism

Divisionism is a painting technique developed in the late 19th century characterized by the application of dots or small strokes of pure color on the canvas. This technique aims to create optical rather than physical mixtures, allowing the viewer's eye to blend the colors from a distance. Divisionism is derived from pointillism and is closely associated with Neo-Impressionism, influenced by color theory and optics.

The movement that influenced Divisionism was Impressionism, which was also interested in the effects of light and color, although it used looser and more fluid brushstrokes. However, Divisionist artists took this exploration to a new level, adopting a more scientific and methodical approach. They focused on the decomposition of light and the systematic application of complementary colors to achieve greater luminosity and vibrancy in their works.

Among the most representative painters of Divisionism are Georges Seurat, Giovanni Segantini, and Paul Signac. Seurat is known for his work "A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte", which perfectly exemplifies the technique of pointillism and divisionism. Segantini, for his part, applied divisionism to his alpine landscapes, capturing the purity and luminosity of the natural environment. Signac, co-founder of Neo-Impressionism with Seurat, developed the technique throughout his career, experimenting with the application of pure and bright colors.

Divisionism influenced later artistic movements such as Futurism and abstract art. Italian Futurists like Umberto Boccioni and Giacomo Balla adopted the technical approach of divisionism to represent the dynamism and speed of modern life. Abstract art also benefited from the chromatic studies of divisionism, with artists like Piet Mondrian exploring the interaction of colors and pure forms.