Academicism

Academicism is an artistic style and doctrine that emerged in Europe during the 16th century, characterized by its adherence to rigorous norms related to techniques and themes in art. This movement was based on the principles of the Renaissance , valuing harmony, balance, and proportion that characterized classical antiquity. In turn, Academicism decisively influenced the development of Neoclassicism , providing a bridge to the revaluation of classical ideals in modern art.

Among the most representative painters of Academicism are Jacques-Louis David, whose works embody the pursuit of formal and moral perfection; Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, known for his precision in drawing and passion for historical and mythological themes; and William-Adolphe Bouguereau , who stood out for his impeccable technique and the idealization of his figures.

Although criticized for its tendency towards rigidity and excessive formality, Academicism played a crucial role in the formation of future artistic movements. Movements like Realism and Impressionism emerged as direct responses to the perceived limitations of Academicism, seeking greater authenticity and emotional connection with the viewer.